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_____________________NEWSLETTER No. 28, Summer 2010_____________________________ Third Symposium on The Ocean in a High-CO2 World international planning committee and venue selected A consortium of institutions and organizations from Monterey, California has successfully bid to host the third symposium on The Ocean in a High-CO2 World in autumn 2012. The symposium aims to attract more than 300 of the world’s leading scientists to discuss the impacts of ocean acidification on marine organisms, ecosystems, and biogeochemical cycles. It will also cover socio-economic consequences of ocean acidification, including policy and management implications. The symposium is sponsored by the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR), Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO, and International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), which selected the Monterey consortium from eight bids to host the meeting. The international Planning Committee is led by Prof. Dr. Ulf Riebesell of the Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences (Germany), and the local organization is led by Dr. Jim Barry of Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute and supported by a consortium of institutions. The symposium is the third in a series and will build on the successes of the Paris and Monaco symposia in 2004 and 2008, respectively. The Paris meeting was seminal in identifying the magnitude of ocean acidification for marine ecosystems and the outcomes of the Monaco symposium, focusing on the advances in knowledge of the affects on marine organisms, also made an impact on a broader audience through a Summary for Policymakers and the Monaco Declaration. The international planning committee will meet in December 2010 to develop the scientific program for the symposium. Please contact Ed Urban (Ed.Urban@scor-int.org) if you would like to provide ideas for symposium topics. Inputs will be collated and provided to the planning committee. More information: http://www.ocean-acidification.net/ International Planning Committee Sponsor Representatives
Guide to Best Practices for Ocean Acidification Research and Data Reporting now available online Ocean acidification is an undisputed fact. The ocean presently takes up one-fourth of the carbon CO2 emitted to the atmosphere from human activities. As this CO2 dissolves in the surface ocean, it reacts with seawater to form carbonic acid, increasing ocean acidity and shifting the partitioning of inorganic carbon species towards increased CO2 and dissolved inorganic carbon, and decreased concentration of carbonate ion. While our understanding of the possible consequences of ocean acidification is still rudimentary, both the scientific community and the society at large are increasingly concerned about the possible risks associated with ocean acidification for marine organisms and ecosystems. As this new and pressing field of marine research gains momentum, many in our community, including representatives of coordinated research projects, international scientific organisations, funding agencies, and scientists in this field felt the need to provide guidelines and standards for ocean acidification research. To initiate this process, the European Project on Ocean Acidification The final version of the guide is now published: Riebesell U., Fabry V. J., Hansson L. & Gattuso J.-P. (Eds.), 2010. It is available free of charge on the EPOCA web site (http://www.epoca-project.eu/index.php/Home/Guide-to-OA-Research/). It is envisioned to revisit and possibly revise the guide to accommodate new developments in the field in a few years time. Please contact Lina Hansson (hansson@obs-vlfr.fr) at the EPOCA project office to obtain printed copies of the guide, which will be available shortly. We are very grateful to all colleagues who have committed their precious time to the preparation of this guide as chapter editors, lead and contributing authors, and reviewers. On behalf of the writing team,
LDEO Database Version 2009 now available from CDIAC Approximately 4.75 million measurements of surface water partial pressure of The data presented in this database include the analyses of partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS), pressure of the equilibration, and barometric pressure in the outside air from the ship's observation system. The global pCO2 data set is available free of charge as a numeric data package (NDP) from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) (http://cdiac.ornl.gov/oceans/LDEO_Underway_Database/). The NDP consists of the oceanographic data files and this printed documentation, which describes the procedures and methods used to obtain the data. Takahashi, T., S.C. Sutherland, and A. Kozyr. 2010. Global Ocean Surface Water Partial Pressure of CO2 Database: Measurements Performed During 1968-2009 (Version 2009). ORNL/CDIAC-152, NDP-088(V2009). Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, doi: 10.3334/CDIAC/otg.ndp088(V2009).
Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) Project Update The Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) is an international effort to create a global data base of the fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO2) in oceanic surface waters (http://www.socat.info/). Two data products will be made available as part of SOCAT: 1) a uniform, quality controlled surface water fCO2 data set and 2) a gridded monthly, global product with no interpolation. These SOCAT products will enable scientists to study temporal and spatial variations in oceanic CO2 and will provide a validation and baseline for modelling studies. Regular updates of the SOCAT products are envisaged. The SOCAT effort depends on the submission of high quality carbon data to the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) by scientists across the globe, recalculation of fCO2 following a well-defined protocol and quality control of the data by SOCAT participants. The data compilation is an ongoing process, so data can be submitted at any time for inclusion in the next SOCAT version. The Live Access Server (LAS) provides access to the vast data set to SOCAT participants during quality control and will allow the public to explore and download the data and gridded products once released. The current version of SOCAT (version 1.3) contains 7.6 million recalculated fCO2 values from 2175 voyages between 1968 and 2007 (Figure 1). The participants aim to finish the quality control of SOCAT version 1.3 by 1 October 2010. The first public release of the SOCAT products (version 1.3) is planned for early 2011. This large effort has several key figures, notably Benjamin Pfeil, Are Olsen (University of Bergen, Norway), Steven Hankin, Jeremy Malczyk, Denis Pierrot (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, USA), the regional group leaders and the global team. SOCAT is supported by UNESCO-IOC/SCOR-IOCCP (Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research - International Ocean Carbon Coordination Project), SOLAS (Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study) and IMBER (Integrated Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem Research). Support for SOCAT workshops has also been received from European Union COST Action 735, NIES (National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan) and CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia). - Dorothee Bakker (University of East Anglia, UK)
Recent Workshops In June 2009, during the SOCAT meeting in Norwich (UEA, report http://www.ioccp.org/Workshops.html or http://www.socat.info), it was decided that the Southern Ocean SOCAT group would organise a meeting in Hobart, Tasmania.
Southern and Indian Oceans SOCAT participants enjoyed a sunny day in Hobart during austral winter (16-18 June 2010).
PACIFICA data synthesis workshop, Tokyo, Japan Twenty experts on hydrographic/chemical observations and data management from Canada, Korea, Japan and United States met in Tokyo on 2-4 June 2010 to discuss the 2nd-level quality control of PACIFICA. PACIFICA is the synthesized database of CO2 and its related parameters for the interior of the Pacific Ocean. It now includes data sets from 265 cruises including the total of 14 cruises of CLIVAR Repeat Hydrography and many of several repeat lines such as 137ºE, Line-P, station KNOT and A-line that is not in GLODAP. Following the agreements in the previous workshop held in Jeju, Korea, in October 2009 as a part of PICES annual meeting, the studies on data in order to quantify systematic difference in the reported values, i.e., 2nd level QC, has been started on the basis of the cross-over analyses for the data from deep in the ocean. Thanks to the Toste Tanhua and Steven van Heuven who have developed Matlab routines for the cross-over analysis in CARINA project, PACIFICA is also using the same routines for its efficient cross-over analyses and the inversions. In this workshop, the selection of “Core Cruise”, settings for the variety of variables for cross-over analysis, weighting in the inversions, minimum adjustments and so on that are potentially unique to the Pacific were discussed on the basis of the oceanographic and methodological knowledges and several preliminary runs of cross-over analyses. The status of the QC of the ocean CFCs data and that of data collection and some 2nd-level QC activitie in the marginal seas were also reported. Finally, action items toward the completion of 2nd-level QC were discussed and agreed. The next workshop of PACIFICA is planned as part of PICES annual meeting in October this year in Portland, USA, to complete the 2nd-level QC. PACIFICA is to be publicly available from Marine Information Research Center (MIRC) in Japan and Carbon Dioxide Information and Analysis Center (CDIAC) in USA. -Masao Ishii (MRI-JMA)
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