On 11 February 2018, just prior to the Ocean Sciences Meeting in Portland, OR, USA, IOCCP and US NOAA held the kick-off meeting of the Surface Ocean CO2 Reference Observing Network (SOCONET). The meeting was attended by invited participants who represented the largest operators of surface water CO2 operations and/or activities relevant for network development. Establishment of the network responds to the need to provide the high-quality data to constrain global and regional air-sea CO2 fluxes on seasonal timescales, to determine trends and patterns in surface water CO2 levels, and to elucidate the factors influencing the patterns on daily to decadal time scales and to provide important element of an OA monitoring system.