IOCCP is collaborating with a number of international research programs, projects and expert working groups on activities from around the globe. Below you can find brief descriptions, key documents and contact information of these partners with whom we jointly establish the requirements for and enhance the capacity for sustained global ocean measurements of oxygen.
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| Title: |
Variability in the Oxycline and its ImpaCts on the Ecosystem (VOICE)
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| Brief Description: |
VOICE was set up as a direct outcome of the Implementation of Multi-disciplinary Sustained Ocean Observations (IMSOO) workshop organized by the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) in February 2017. VOICE is an approach towards establishing a sustained observing system in Oxygen Minimum Zone (OMZ) regions. OMZ regions are inherently multidisciplinary and complex. Likewise they are economically important areas (e.g. for fisheries). Therefore, to encounter the ensuing complexity related to observing and modeling the OMZ system dynamics, VOICE will put an observing focus on the upper oxycline, which in an important “control surface” in OMZ regions.
The goal of the initial stage of VOICE is to assess the current readiness level of the observing requirements, existing observing capabilities and availability of data products to deliver information on the variability in the oxycline and its impacts on the ecosystem in selected OMZ regions around the globe. The main outcome of this activity will be an OceanObs'19 Conference White Paper outlining a vision for increasing the observing system readiness levels to alleviate the critical gaps preventing the system from delivering information according to end user requirements.
If successfully implemented, VOICE would ultimately provide a blueprint of a multidisciplinary sustained OMZ observing system, outlining a minimum and optimized set of observational and modelling requirements for a fit-for-purpose system, capable of informing the society about the variability in the oxycline and its impacts on the ecosystem, applicable within the global ocean observing system, and contributing to the overarching question: “How do changing OMZs affect the spatio-temporal distribution, productivity and trophic structure of the benthic and pelagic communities?”
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| Key documents: |
VOICE Science Plan workshop report
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Contacts:
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Veronique Garcon, Johannes Karstensen (Co-Chairs) Maciej Telszewski, Artur Palacz (Project facilitators)
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| Title: |
Global Ocean Oxygen NEtwork (GO2NE)
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| Website: |
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/ioc-oceans/sections-and-programmes/ocean-sciences/global-ocean-oxygen-network/
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| Brief Description: |
Through the participation of high level scientists from across the world, the IOC expert group, the Global Ocean Oxygen Network GO2NE, established in 2016, is committed to providing a global and multidisciplinary view of deoxygenation, with a focus on understanding its multiple aspects and impacts. The Network offers scientific advice to policy makers to counter this concerning trend and to preserve marine resources in the presence of deoxygenation. Currently, the members of the core working group represent 21 institutions in 11 countries.
The Network's scientific work, outreach, and capacity building efforts include facilitating communication with other established networks and working groups (e.g. IOCCP, GOOS, IGMETS, GOA-ON, GlobalHAB, WESTPAC O2NE), improving observations systems, identifying and filling knowledge gaps, as well as developing related capacity development activities. GO2NE is moreover preparing a summary on deoxygenation for policy makers.
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Key documents:
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Breitburg, D., Grégoire, M. and Isensee, K. (eds.).
Isensee et al., 2015.
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Contacts:
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Denise Breitburg, Marilaure Grégoire (Co-Chairs) Kirsten Isensee (Director)
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Collaborative Research Center 754 (Sonderforschungsbereich 754 - SFB 754) "Climate-Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean"
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| Brief Description: |
The Collaborative Research Center (SFB 754) addresses the relatively newly recognized threat of ocean deoxygenation, its possible impact on tropical oxygen minimum zones and implications for the global climate-biogeochemistry system. The overall goal of the SFB 754 is to improve understanding of the coupling of tropical climate variability and circulation with the ocean's oxygen and nutrient balance, to quantitatively evaluate the nature of oxygen-sensitive tipping points, as well as to assess consequences for the Ocean's future.
The key questions of the SFB 754 are:
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Key documents:
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Contacts:
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Andreas Oschlies (Speaker) Lothar Stramma (Scientific Secretary) Christiane Schelten (Scientific Coordinator)
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| Title: |
Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS)
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| Website: | http://www.solas-int.org/
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| Brief Description: |
SOLAS 2015-2025 Science Plan identifies five core themes, which interact and influence each other. Understanding the processes involved and making predictions will not be possible by studying these themes independently. Therefore, SOLAS has identified several example oceanic systems where integrated studies are particularly urgent, needing to be either initiated or expanded. With respect to oxygen observations and research, upwelling systems is where IOCCP's collaboration with SOLAS will focus.
Upwelling systems, both coastal and equatorial, are natural laboratories for studying the impacts of multiple stressors on air-sea exchange processes and marine ecosystems and services. The coastal upwelling areas, such as those of the Humboldt, Benguela, and Somali Currents, are among the most productive systems in the world ocean and support important fisheries. This high productivity is intimately linked with shallow Oxygen Minimum Zones (OMZs), where low oxygen, high CO2 concentrations, low pH values, and shallow aragonite saturation horizons cooccur.
For more information please see the SOLAS 2015-2025 Science Plan and Organization (page 39)
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Key documents:
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Brévière, E. and the SOLAS Scientific Steering Committee (eds.) (2016):
Brévière, E.et al.,
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Contacts:
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Lisa Miller (SOLAS SSC Chair) Jessica Gier (SOLAS Executive Director) Li Li (SOLAS Project Officer)
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| Title: |
Integrated Marine Biosphere Research
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| Website: | http://www.imber.info/
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| Brief Description: |
Previously known as OCEANS, IMBER was initiated by the IGBP/SCOR Ocean Futures Planning Committee in 2001. The intention was to identify the effects of global change on the ocean and the most important biological and chemical aspects of the ocean's role in global change.
IMBeR Science Plan and Implementation Strategy (SPIS 2016-2025) is based on the vision "Ocean sustainability under global change for the benefit of society" with the goal to: "Understand, quantify and compare historic and present structure and functioning of linked ocean and human systems to predict options for securing or transitioning towards ocean sustainability".
IOCCP's collaboration with IMBeR on the oxygen theme will be centred around the activities of the IMBeR Working Group on Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS), which focuses on the potential effects of climate change on the intensity, seasonality and geography of upwelling systems and their ecological and socio-economical consequences. This WG promotes the understanding on biogeochemical, biological, fish and fisheries processes and trends on the four major coastal upwelling regions, i.e. California, Humbold, Canary and Benguela, and their socio-economical impacts.
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Key documents:
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Hofmann, E.E. and the IMBeR Scientific Steering Committee (eds.) (2016):
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Contacts:
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Carol Robinson (IMBeR SSC Chair) John Claydon (IPO; Executive Officer) Lisa Maddison (IPO; Deputy Executive Officer) Fang Zuo (RPO; Acting Deputy Executive Officer)
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| Title: |
SCOR Working Group 155
Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS): Diversity, Coupled Dynamics and Sensitivity to Climate Change
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| Website: | http://www.scor-int.org/SCOR_WGs_WG155.htm
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| Brief Description: |
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Key documents:
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Contacts:
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Ruben Escribano (Co-Chair) Ivonne Montes (Co-Chair)
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| Title: |
CLIVAR Research Focus on Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (RF-EBUS)
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| Website: | http://www.clivar.org/research-foci/upwelling
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| Brief Description: |
Upwelling systems bring nutrient rich waters from the deep ocean to the surface. Areas of upwelling are often associated with highly productive oceanic regions, offering great economic value in terms of fisheries (see satellite image above showing surface chlorophyll concentrations off the west coast of America). Regions of upwelling are located in equatorial (Inter Tropical Convergence Zone, ITCZ) and coastal (eastern Pacific and Atlantic) regions of the ocean. Upwelling is driven by ocean surface winds. Consequently climatic events, causing shifts in prevailing winds (e.g. El Niño, the Indian Ocean Dipole and Tropical Atlantic Variability) can cause variations and reduction in the strength of upwelling systems. Present models of upwelling systems show large biases, impacting climate simulations. Consequently there is a need to identify the key physical processes that are responsible for upwelling and improving their representation in models.
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Key documents:
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Contacts:
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Ryan Rykaczewski (Co-Chair) Jing Li (CLIVAR Officer)
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